![]() ![]() Next article on China and Insider ThreatsĪdapted from an upcoming paper in Brown University Journal of World Affairs.Physically isolating a computer from the wider net – creating a so-called “air gap” – is another cheap and low-tech solution to evade billion-dollar surveillance systems that is practised by terrorists and state spies alike. More aggressive law enforcement activities globally will drive Beijing to more aggressive cyber collection efforts, better operational tradecraft, and increased targeting of individuals from and in China. These factors drive China to execute many of its espionage activities from the safety of PRC territory. law enforcement and counterintelligence activities. However, the persons engaged in these activities are quite vulnerable to U.S. Large scale "whole of society" approach to conducting espionage among government, industry, and individuals.Ĭhina's "whole of society" approach to espionage combined with a lack of enforced standards and processes in government organizations and State Owned Enterprises allows for collection activities to be conducted on a massive scale.Lack of organizational unity and operational processes.Lack of management and quality control.Otherwise, the unchanging tradecraft indicates several potential causes: Moreover, tradecraft practices have remained relatively stagnant over decades the exceptions being newly employed covert communications techniques (Kevin Mallory), cyber tradecraft, and use of dead drops (Xuehua "Edward" Peng - recently accused). Worthy of note is the fact that the execution of professional espionage tradecraft varies wildly across organizations and even within organizations (See MSS and PLA across categories). The above chart summarizes espionage tradecraft techniques employed by PRC customer organizations (Ministry of State Security, People's Liberation Army/Military Intelligence Department, Private Companies, State Owned Enterprises, and other unknown PRC entities). ![]() Since all nations do not have "FARA" laws, I used the term Covert Action, which may be defined as carrying out activities on behalf of a foreign government while concealing the identity of that government.
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